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BASIC DATA

Surface, 43.092 km²

Population, 5,789,957 h (2018)

Capital, København (Copenhagen)

Languages: Danish (official), German, Swedish.

Ethnic composition: Danish 89%, Faroese 0.7%, Turks 1.1%, Germans 0.5%, Swedes 0.2%, other groups (Greenlandic, Polish, Syrian, Iranian, Romanian) 8.5% (est 2017).

Religions: Protestant (Lutheran) 76%, Muslim 4%, others (Catholic, Jewish, Buddhist, non-religious) 20% (est. 2017).

Literacy rate, 100%

Human Development Index (HDI), 0.929 (UN-2018) (11th in the world).

Political system, parliamentary monarchy

The endearing figure of the “Little Mermaid” in København / Copenhagen, capital of Denmark

DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS

Birth rate, 10.5 ‰

Mortality rate, 10.3 ‰

Vegetative growth, 0.02%

Life expectancy at birth: men, 77.1 years; women, 82.1 years (est. 2017).

ECONOMY

Agriculture: horticulture, cereals, potatoes, sugar beets.

Livestock: bovine, swine, poultry.

Fishing: herring, mackerel, hake, cod.

Industry: wind turbines, pharmaceutical, medical, naval, steel, chemical, food equipment (beer, dairy products, meat and dairy products, canned, frozen fish), transport equipment, textile, electronics, construction.

GDP per capita, $ 51,364 (2017)

GDP sector distribution:

· Agriculture, 1.1%

Industry, 23.7%

· Services, 75.2% (est. 2017)

Foreign trade:

· Exports: packaged medicines, pork, cheese, oil refining, wind turbines, fish.

84.1 billion dollars

· Imports: transport equipment, packaged medicines, petroleum, chemicals, consumer products.

84.6 billion dollars (2016)

HISTORY (XX-XXI centuries)

1914-19: During World War I, Denmark remained neutral. The new Constitution of 1915 proclaimed equal suffrage for men and women.

1919: A plebiscite returned the northern territory of Schleswig-Holstein to Denmark.

1929-40: The first Social-Democratic Government was constituted. The strengthening of social legislation gave Denmark its aspect of a country of advanced social democracy.

1940-44: In World War II it was also proclaimed neutral, but was invaded by the Germans.

1944: Iceland declared itself an independent Republic of the Danish crown.

1947: King Cristián X passed away, he was succeeded by his son Frederick IX.

1949: He was part of NATO since its foundation.

1953: Denmark adopted a new Constitution that allowed access to the throne of women.

1968: The government of the country passed from the Social Democrats to the Radical Liberal Party.

1972: Approved by referendum the entry of the country into the European Common Market, the current European Union. King Frederick IX died and his daughter Margarita II succeeded him on the throne.

1973-82: Prevalence of social-democratic cabinets with Anker Jørgensen as prime minister.

1982-92: Formation of a four-party center-right coalition, with Poul Schlüter as the new prime minister.

1992: In the June referendum, accession to the Maastricht Treaty was rejected.

1993: In the May referendum on the European Union planned in Maastricht, union with special concessions for Denmark, the yes won with 56.8%. Schlüter resigned, and Queen Margarita entrusted the responsibility of government to the Social Democrat Poul N. Rasmussen.

1994: Rasmussen formed a new government, in coalition with the small Democratic parties of the Center and Social-Liberal.

1997: The local elections resulted in massive popular support for the Social Democratic Party, which obtained 33% of the votes.

1998: The Social Democratic Party of Rasmussen won the general elections. Rasmussen was once again the leader and formed a new coalition government with the PSD and the Liberal Party.

2000: In the referendum held in Denmark, on the incorporation of the country into the single currency, the euro, the statement was strongly negative. The 16 kms bridge was inaugurated. over the Sund Strait, between the Danish island of Zealand and Sweden.

2001: The right-wing coalition led by Anders Fogh Rasmussen wins the elections. Rasmussen is in favor of tightening immigration laws and reducing taxes.

2005: Rasmussen wins the elections again. A diplomatic dispute begins with Canada due to sovereignty over the island of Hans in the Arctic.

2006: A Danish newspaper publishes a cartoon of Muhammad, which causes protests in Muslim countries and boycotts of Danish products.

2007: The government decides to withdraw its troops from Iraq. Denmark was part of the coalition of countries that participated in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Early elections are called and Rasmussen wins again.

2008: A referendum is held in Greenland to approve a plan that gives it greater autonomy.

2009: Anders Fogh Rasmussen resigns after being elected Secretary General of NATO. Finance Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen becomes the new Prime Minister.

2011: Denmark again imposes border controls for illegal immigration. However, the legality of this measure under the Schengen agreement is questioned. The social-democrat Helle Thorning-Schmidt becomes the first woman Prime Minister thanks to the victory of her left-wing alliance.

2012: Same-sex marriage is legalized.

2015: A radical Islamist commits an attack in a debate on freedom of expression, in which a film director and the guard of a synagogue die. Lars Lokke Rasmussen becomes the Prime Minister again after winning the elections.

2017: An extremely controversial plan that allows border controls and confiscate the assets of asylum seekers is approved.

2018: Denmark prohibits the use in public of veils that cover the face.

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